[At the beginning of this article for translation, wrong place, please forgive me]

As a large number of early end of civilian nuclear power reactors in operation, the global nuclear industry is expected to be in the next 15 to 20 years in retirement climax in the history of the first round. By 2030, the global nuclear reactor decommissioning the size of the market is expected to exceed $100 billion. This huge market and increasingly attracts the attention of the nuclear energy giant. They all layout, strengthen nuclear decommissioning market forces, to retire in the future of the nuclear gain a foothold in the market.

Nuclear power reactors shut down and the status quo of the retired

By end of 2013, the global total of 147 civilian nuclear power reactors has been permanently closed. These reactors in Europe, America and other 19 countries. Only 17 reactors complete retirement, respectively from the United States, Germany and Britain.

The United States so far a total of 38 civilian nuclear power reactors shut down permanently, retired 13 of them have been completed. Britain is currently retired 28 to its civilian nuclear power reactors; otherwise one advanced gas-cooled reactor was completed in 2011. Germany, a total of 27 nuclear power reactors shut down permanently, three of them have been complete retirement. France is to retired 13 civilian nuclear reactors. Russia is currently a total of six reactors civilian nuclear power stage in retirement. Japan has entered the stage of retired 11 nuclear reactors, including six reactors of the Fukushima nuclear power plant. In addition, Italy, Sweden, Spain and other countries there are a number of nuclear power reactors into the retirement phase.

The international atomic energy agency (IAEA) nuclear facilities decommissioning methods can be divided into three types: immediate demolition method, safety sealed and buried. Immediate removal method is in nuclear security is turned off for a few months, or years parts into the line of decontamination and removal. Security seal method (which is actually delayed demolished) is storing nuclear facilities under safety condition for decades (about 30 years), until its radioactive fall to a certain level and then to decontamination and removal. Buried method is put all nuclear facilities, including radioactive substances on the permanent buried forever without dismantling. So far, the former two methods are commonly used method. Moreover, these two methods can be used in combination, namely immediately removed some parts, the remaining parts, safety storage. Specific what retired method depends on several factors, such as relative cost, source attenuation to what level, is there a waste disposal site available, etc.

Run the expiry of the nuclear facilities in shut down safely after submitting your application for retirement, entered the stage of retired after the application is approved. Retired stage generally consists of five steps: buildings, systems, equipment decontamination; System, dismantling and; Build, objects down; Site environment regulation; Site handover/sealed custody.

Retired the size of the market outlook

Research and market the company in 2012, according to a report released by the end of January 2012, Europe is the worlds largest nuclear reactor decommissioning market. France, Britain and Russias retirement market scale reached $21.5 billion, $18.7 billion and $13.5 billion. The Asia-pacific region, after Europe for $20.3 billion. The north American market, smallest at $8.2 billion.

Assumes that the current global commercial nuclear power reactors are running 35 years after the expiration of shut down and retire, then by 2030 most nuclear reactors to retire, the retired market will be Americas largest country, followed by France, Japan, Russia, Canada, Britain, South Korea and Germany. However, in different periods and different design of nuclear power reactors in operation lifetime sometimes there are also differences, and the United States, France, Russia and other countries adopted a strategy of work blanks reactor, prolongs the lifetime is less that a large number of reactor a few years, more than 20 years, perhaps even longer. The United States, for example, most of the 100 active nuclear power unit has been or is expected to prolong life of 20 years, which makes the countrys retired in 2030 before entering a phase of the unit is expected to only 5, the size of the market is far less than in Europe and Asia.

Above all, to the world in 2030 are expected to be shut down more than 200 active nuclear power unit, which accounts for about half of the global nuclear power units in active service, retired the size of the market is expected to more than $100 billion. Among them, 150 sets of Europe are expected to be active unit shut down, about 70% of the total number of global expectations have shut down the unit, when the nuclear reactor decommissioning market size estimates will be $81.484 billion. Followed by the region (mainly), and then the north American region (mainly in Canada). After 2030, the United States after most of the nuclear power units will prolong the life, as these reactors into closed and retired peak period, global nuclear reactor decommissioning market scale will continue to grow.

The characteristics of the nuclear reactor decommissioning markets around the world

For the past several years, with the number of nuclear facilities decommissioning work completed and ongoing, one batch of specialized nuclear decommissioning service providers came into being and developing. Retired as a result of these have been completed and ongoing work mainly distributed in the United States and Europe, so the strongest several nuclear decommissioning service providers are all from the two regions, such as arena, Westinghouse, energy solutions company, Babcock international group, etc., and formed the United States, the European nuclear decommissioning market is the situation of internal control of enterprise.

At present the development of world nuclear reactor decommissioning market presents the following features:

The future commercial nuclear power reactor decommissioning market scale is huge; the size of the market is expected to more than $100 billion by 2030. After 2030, with massive retired U.S. nuclear power reactors, the size of the market will also continue to grow. Such a large market scale the temptation to nature also is very big. In recent years, many industry giants began including Westinghouse power nuclear decommissioning business, purpose is to rob nuclear decommissioning market this huge piece of cake.

Over the next 15 ~ 20 years or so, the worlds largest nuclear decommissioning market in Europe. Entered the stage of retired to Europe in 2030 the number of nuclear power reactors will account for about 70% of the global total. Since most nuclear power unit operation lifetime was prolonged, the nuclear reactor decommissioning peak backward delayed by 20 years or so, the retired after peak until at least 2030. East Asias most nuclear power reactors is relatively new, so existing peak back later.

European and American nuclear reactor decommissioning market by internal corporate grip. Over the past decades, the world nuclear decommissioning market mainly in Europe and the United States, combined with high technical content, eventually to form the European and American nuclear decommissioning market is Europe, America, especially in countries such as America, Britain, France and Germany, retired contractor firmly in control of the situation. In other parts of the retired contractor also have, but mainly in the domestic development, either as Russia; Either strength is relatively weak, like South Korea and Japan. In 2009, the Russian state atomic energy corporation acquired a German professional nuclear decommissioning and radioactive waste management services company a German American technology company, to enter the European nuclear decommissioning market. The companys business is mainly distributed in eastern Europe, Russia and France. In recent years, the weaker the new retirement service providers also started looking at the world market, especially the south Korean company has small gains.

More and more American and British nuclear facility owner to decommissioning projects entrusted to the private sector, retired professional contractors to complete. Britains nuclear facilities decommissioning work mainly by the UK atomic energy authority and state-owned enterprise management and implementation. After the reform, the current British legacy of nuclear facilities decommissioning work generally by the nuclear decommissioning authority entrusted to the private sector and site management professional contractors to complete. The previous civilian nuclear facilities decommissioning work mainly by the owner personally responsible for the implementation, but now more and more owners choose to retire work entirely in the hands of the professional company to complete. This direct benefit of the contractor model is retired can significantly reduce costs, speed up progress of retirement.

Retired service providers the situation more and more joint operations. Due to nuclear decommissioning involves the professional field is very wide, retired enterprise often hard to complete all the work, so you need to joint operations, to enhance strength and improve competitiveness. In recent years, a number of companies with competitive decommissioning project is more and more. British nuclear decommissioning market, for example, in the past two years the prime contractor entity are basically made up of two or more than two professional company consortium. For nearly a year, the U.S. energy companies have entered the field of radioactive waste management in China. Chinese enterprises are also with areva of France and the United States energy solutions company contact cooperation, plans to combine the enterprise funds and foreign technical advantages, develop the overseas nuclear decommissioning market together.

After Fukushima, Japan invest a lot of manpower and financial resources to developing nuclear decommissioning technology, which will make Japans nuclear decommissioning technology and ability are improved. After Fukushima, Japan had to spend a lot of manpower and financial resources to developing nuclear decommissioning technology, which will make Japans retired nuclear technology and ability to get fast development. Based on the development in the process of the Fukushima nuclear power plant decommissioning of advanced technology, Japan is expected to gradually develop strong nuclear decommissioning services suppliers Big and expansion to nuclear decommissioning of the world market. In addition, several suppliers in Europe, America has been successfully entered Japan nuclear decommissioning market.

QPOC. Introduction to nuclear power field

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[source "of the nuclear industry"]